Return to BSD News archive
Newsgroups: comp.unix.bsd Path: sserve!manuel.anu.edu.au!munnari.oz.au!uunet!mcsun!sunic!aun.uninett.no!nuug!nntp.uio.no!bootes.sds.no!toreh From: toreh@bootes.sds.no (Tore Haraldsen) Subject: Re: 386BSD: /bin -> /usr/bin reorganization Message-ID: <1992Nov20.030832.7666@ulrik.uio.no> Sender: news@ulrik.uio.no (Mr News) Nntp-Posting-Host: 192.68.77.217 Organization: Statens Datasentral A/S, SDS, Norway References: <1992Nov18.064604.2992@pool.info.sunyit.edu> <CGD.92Nov18155017@eden.CS.Berkeley.EDU> <DERAADT.92Nov19133341@newt.newt.cuc.ab.ca> Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 03:08:32 GMT Lines: 92 In article <DERAADT.92Nov19133341@newt.newt.cuc.ab.ca> deraadt@newt.cuc.ab.ca (Theo de Raadt) writes: >In article <CGD.92Nov18155017@eden.CS.Berkeley.EDU> cgd@eden.CS.Berkeley.EDU (Chris G. Demetriou) writes: > In article <DERAADT.92Nov17041728@newt.newt.cuc.ab.ca> deraadt@newt.cuc.ab.ca (Theo de Raadt) writes: > >Among a large number of other Sunifications I have made to my 386BSD > >system, I've made this one: > > > >lrwxr-xr-x 1 root 8 Oct 24 21:05 bin@ -> /usr/bin > > > > there are problems with this: notably, straight bsd systems > aren't "meant" to mount /usr when they're brought up into single user > mode. > > i assume you're running with / and /usr physically residing in the same > partition. otherwise, i don't see how this could work -- sh is in > /bin, so you couldn't even run /etc/rc, if / and /usr were in different > partitions. >Did you not finish reading my posting?? I mentioned that 'init' needed to >be fixed, and even gave the output from 'df' > > I think any Sun admin who saw you running with / and /usr in the same > partition would die laughing. >It's exactly because the default setup has / and /usr in the same partition >that I nearly THREW UP and I sat down and fixed that IMMEDIATELY. > > there are many more changes which are necessary to move stuff > from /bin into /usr/bin, and make it 'stick' properly. > >I believe I made it quite clear in my previous posting that / and /usr >are in seperate postings. I copied all the binaries that I absolutely >needed into /sbin. That is essentially what Sun did as well. > >I know what is going on. A sun machine needs / and /usr both to run single >user. It does mount /usr as read-only, but it needs some of the binaries >there. They place only about 6 programs in /sbin (hostname, ifconfig, init, >mount, sh, and one called intr). I found that I needed a bunch more in >/sbin -- every program that /etc/rc ever needs. > >And, I had to modify init.c so that init would know to look for sh and >fsck in /sbin instead of /bin. > >Really, it is working, and you can tell because my root partition is >using LESS than 15M of disk while my /usr is enormous. > >Filesystem 512-blks used avail capacity Mounted on >/dev/wd0a 62462 11490 44724 20% / >/dev/wd0g 187742 153470 15496 91% /usr > >It *DOES* work. > <tdr. >-- > >This space not left unintentionally unblank. deraadt@newt.cuc.ab.ca I split out /usr in its own partition two months ago WITHOUT moving any programs around. It works fine, as far as I can see. I have two 300Mb SCSI disks in my home machine, sd0 contains MS-DOS, 386bsd / & swap, SCO ODT 2.0 / partitions. sd1 contains MS-DOS, 386bsd /usr, SCO ODT 2.0 /u partitions. What is so strange or wonderful about that? The only pain in the ass was setting it up initially. I did the following (courtesy the limitations in 386bsd install & disklabel programs): 1) Install 386bsd in minimum partition on sd0. 2) Swap SCSI numbers. 3) Install 386bsd in reasonably-sized partition on sd1(sd0). 4) Swap SCSI numbers back. 5) Boot from fixit.fs. 6) Remove all files from sd1a. 7) Move all of sd0a/usr to sd1a/ with cpio -p. 8) Remove sd0a/usr. 9) Save remaining files from sd0a/ on sd1a/ with cpio -o. 10)Redesign label of sd0 with disklabel, keep 16Mb for root, leave the rest for swapping. 11)Re-create sd0a/ 12)Move contents back to sd0a from saved stuff on sd1a. 13)Modify sd0a/etc/fstab to reflect partitioning. 14)Reboot - that's it!! You do the same with two WD-type drives with no sweat. -- tore -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tore Haraldsen, Statens Datasentral A/S - SDS, Norway email: toreh@bootes.sds.no