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From: Marco Cappuccio <nocturno@ios.com>
Newsgroups: comp.unix.aux,comp.unix.bsd,comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: MacBSD question...
Date: 18 Jul 1995 04:36:43 GMT
Organization: International Internet Association
Lines: 365
Message-ID: <3ufdor$c5j@ankh.iia.org>
References: <trevor-1407950008080001@c18.globalvision.net> <1995Jul14.113427@ail3.montefiore.ulg.ac.be> <3u7kgq$kbl@rebecca.albany.edu>
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To: jk7023@CNSVAX.ALBANY.EDU
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> I'm currious.... Where could I find MacBSD?
I hope this helps:
What is NetBSD?
---- -- ------
NetBSD is a Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2) and 4.4BSD-Lite
-derived system. It is a fully functional UN*X-like system which runs
on several architectures and is being ported to more. NetBSD, as the
name implies, is a creation of the members of the network community
and without the net it's likely that this release wouldn't have come
about.
NetBSD 1.0 is a milestone release. The hardest part of the 4.4BSD-Lite
integration, the kernel, has been completed and has been running in
"production use" for quite some time. Also, NetBSD 1.0 is the first
true multi-architecture release of NetBSD. At the time of NetBSD 0.9,
the 1 port was considered 'production quality' and the hp300 port was
barely working. The NetBSD 1.0 source supports nine architectures, and
complete binary releases for most of them will be made available.
NetBSD 1.0 supports many new and improved features, the most important
relating to file systems. New and improved versions of both the
Berkeley Fast File System and the free implementation of the NFS
protocol were provided, as part of the 4.4-Lite release. The new
versions include such improvements as support for 64-bit file sizes,
for local files, and "lease" support for NFS, to improve performance.
In addition to the file system improvements, many other parts of the
system have been improved considerably. For instance, the virtual
memory code has substantially improved performance, and many of the
kernel's interfaces have been cleaned up.
Many new user programs have been added in NetBSD 1.0, as well,
bringing it closer to our goal of supplying a complete UN*X-like
environment. Additionally, support for shared libraries has been
added, for most architectures, allowing a significant savings in both
RAM consumption and disk space.
NetBSD 1.0 is the first "real" release of NetBSD for the mac68k.
Previous releases have been alpha or beta quality. There is still a
lot of work to be done, but this should be a usable system for a number
of people. Quite a few features are available: shared libraries, new
file systems, binary compatibility with the other m68k ports for most
binaries, SunOS compatibility, and numerous others.
The Future of NetBSD:
--- ------ -- ------
We hope to have regular releases of the full binary and source trees,
but these are difficult to coordinate, especially with all of the
architectures which we now support! We hope to support even _more_
hardware in the future, and have a rather large number of other ideas
about what can be done to improve NetBSD. We intend to continue our
current practice of making the NetBSD-current development source
available on a daily or nearly-daily basis.
We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources
will provide them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase
the usability of the system. This includes integrating the remainder of
the 4.4BSD-Lite tape, as quickly as we can ensure that everything works
properly.
Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be
responsive to the needs and desires of NetBSD users, because it is for
and because of them that NetBSD exists.
Sources of NetBSD:
------- -- ------
Host name Services Provided
---- ---- -------- --------
ftp.iastate.edu Anonymous FTP, AFS
Anon-FTP path: pub/netbsd/NetBSD-1.0
AFS path: /afs/iastate.edu/public/ftp/pub/netbsd/NetBSD-1.0
ftp.eecs.umich.edu Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: BSD/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
gatekeeper.dec.com Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: pub/BSD/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
wipux2.wifo.uni-mannheim.de Anonymous FTP, SUP
Anon-FTP path: pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
SUP: get the file pub/misc/sup/supfile.example via
anonymous FTP and read it as an example.
ftp.demon.co.uk Anonymous FTP, possibly SUP
Anon-FTP path: pub/BSD/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
SUP: contact peter@demon.net for SUP server status/information
ftp.uni-regensburg.de Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
ftp.unit.no Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
ftp.stacken.kth.se Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: pub/OS/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
flick.lerc.nasa.gov Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
coombs.anu.edu.au Anonymous FTP
Anon-FTP path: pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
ftp.netbsd.org Anonymous FTP, SUP
Anon-FTP path: pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-1.0
SUP: get the file pub/sup/README.sup via anonymous FTP from
ftp.netbsd.org, and read it for instructions.
If you wish to become a distribution site for NetBSD, contact Chris
Demetriou <cgd@NetBSD.ORG>.
NetBSD 1.0 Release Contents:
------ --- ------- --------
The NetBSD 1.0 release is organized in the following way:
../NetBSD-1.0/
BUGS Known bugs list (incomplete
and out of date).
CHANGES Changes since NetBSD's last
release (and before).
LAST_MINUTE Last minute changes.
MIRRORS A list of sites that mirror
the NetBSD 1.0 distribution.
README.files README describing the
distribution's contents.
TODO NetBSD's todo list (incomplete
and out of date).
patches/ Post-release source code
patches.
source/ Source distribution sets; see
below.
In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one
directory per architecture, for each of the architectures that NetBSD
1.0 has a binary distribution for. There are also
'README.export-control' files sprinkled liberally throughout the
distribution tree, which point out that there are some portions of the
distribution (e.g. those containing crypt(3)) that should not be
exported from the United States, and that if you do export them, it's
your fault, not ours.
The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the
"source" subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the
complete sources to the system, excluding those portions which should
not be exported from the U.S. (Those are contained in each
architecture's "security" binary distribution set.) The source
distribution sets are as follows:
gsrc10 This set contains the "gnu" sources, including
the source for the compiler, assembler, groff,
and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution
sets.
[ 7.7M gzipped, 32.0M uncompressed ]
ksrc10 This set contains the sources to the NetBSD 1.0
kernel, config(8), config.new(8) and dbsym(8).
[ 4.5M gzipped, 20.8M uncompressed ]
ssrc10 This set contains the "share" sources, which include
the sources for the man pages not associated with
any particular program, the sources for the
typesettable document set, the dictionaries, and more.
[ 2.3M gzipped, 8.5M uncompressed ]
src10 This set contains all of the NetBSD 1.0 sources which
are not mentioned above.
[ 7.1M gzipped, 33.4M uncompressed ]
It is worth noting that unless all of the source distribution sets
are installed, you can't rebuild and install the system from scratch,
straight out of the box. However, all that is required to rebuild the
system in that case is a trivial modification to one Makefile.
The source distribution sets are distributed as groups of files named
"set_name.xx" where "set_name" is the distribution set name, and "xx"
is the sequence number of the file, starting with "aa" for the first
file in the distribution set, then "ab" for the next, and so on. All
of these files except the last one of each set should be exactly
240,640 bytes long. (The last file is just long enough to contain the
remainder of the data for that distribution set.)
Catted together, the files belonging to a source distribution set
comprise a gzipped tar file. If you want to look at list of the files
contained in the set, you could use the command:
cat set_name.?? | gunzip | tar tvf -
or to actually extract the files contained in the set:
cat set_name.?? | gunzip | tar xfp -
In each of the source distribution set directories, there is a file
named "CKSUMS" which contains the checksums of the files in that
directory, as generated by the cksum(1) command. You can use cksum to
check the integrity of the archives, if you suspect that one of the
files is corrupt and have access to a cksum binary.
The mac68k-specific portion of the NetBSD 1.0 release is found in the
"mac68k" subdirectory of the distribution. That subdirectory is laid
out as follows:
../NetBSD-1.0/mac68k/
binary/ mac68k binary distribution sets;
see below.
security/ mac68k security distribution;
see below.
utils/ The mac68k installation
utilities.
The NetBSD/mac68k binary distribution sets contain the binaries which
comprise the NetBSD 1.0 release for the mac68k. There are eight binary
distribution sets, and the "security" distribution set. The binary
distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the "mac68k/binary"
subdirectory of the NetBSD 1.0 distribution tree, and are as follows:
netbsd10 The NetBSD/mac68k 1.0 kernel binary. You MUST
install this file. It is the kernel that you need
to boot the system.
[ 307K gzipped, 610K uncompressed ]
base10 The NetBSD/mac68k 1.0 base binary distribution. You
MUST install this distribution set. It contains the
base NetBSD utilities that are necessary for the
system to run and be minimally functional. It
includes shared library support, and excludes
everything described below.
[ 6.2M gzipped, 18.4M uncompressed ]
comp10 The NetBSD/mac68k Compiler tools. All of the tools
relating to C, C++, and FORTRAN (yes, there are two!).
This set includes the system include files
(/usr/include), the linker, the compiler tool chain,
and the various system libraries (except the shared
libraries, which are included as part of the base
set). This set also includes the manual pages for all
of the utilities it contains, as well as the system
call and library manual pages.
[ 4.0M gzipped, 12.7M uncompressed ]
etc10 This distribution set contains the system
configuration files that reside in /etc and in several
other places. This set MUST be installed if you are
installing the system from scratch, but should NOT be
used if you are upgrading. (If you are upgrading,
it's recommended that you get a copy of this set and
CAREFULLY upgrade your configuration files by hand.)
[ 50K gzipped, 280K uncompressed ]
games10 This set includes the games and their manual pages.
[ 1.0M gzipped, 3.0M uncompressed ]
man10 This set includes all of the manual pages for the
binaries and other software contained in the base set.
Note that it does not include any of the manual pages
that are included in the other sets.
[ 0.7M gzipped, 2.8M uncompressed ]
misc10 This set includes the system dictionaries (which are
rather large), the typesettable document set, and
man pages for other architectures which happen to be
installed from the source tree by default.
[ 1.6M gzipped, 5.7M uncompressed ]
text10 This set includes NetBSD's text processing tools,
including groff, all related programs, and their
manual pages.
[ 0.8M gzipped, 2.9M uncompressed ]
The mac68k security distribution set is named "secr10" and can be found
in the "mac68k/security" subdirectory of the NetBSD 1.0 distribution
tree. It contains the crypt libraries (for the DES encryption
algorithm)
and the binaries which depend on it. It can only be found on those
sites
which carry the complete NetBSD distribution and that can legally obtain
it. (Remember, because of United States law, this distribution set may
not be exported to locations outside of the United States and Canada.)
[ 109K gzipped, 260K uncompressed ]
The mac68k binary distribution sets are distributed in the same form as
the source distribution sets; catted together, the members of a set
form a gzipped tar file.
The instructions given for extracting the source sets work equally
well for the binary sets, but it is worth noting that if you use that
method, the files are extracted "below" the current directory. That
is, if you want to extract the binaries "into" your system, i.e.
replace the system binaries with them, you have to run the "tar xfp"
from /. Also note that if you upgrade or install this way, those
programs that you are using at the time will NOT be replaced. If you
follow the normal installation or upgrade procedures, this will be
taken care of for you.
NetBSD System Requirements and Supported Devices:
------ ------ ------------ --- --------- -------
NetBSD/mac68k 1.0 runs on several of the older Macintosh computers.
4MB of RAM should be sufficient to boot and the system can probably
be squeezed onto a 40MB hard disk by leaving off a package or two.
To actually do much compiling or anything more interesting than
booting, at least 8MB of RAM and more disk space is recommended.
About 50MB will be necessary to install all of the NetBSD 1.0 binary
distribution (note that this does not count swap space!). Much more
disk space is required to install the source and objects as well (about
another 105MB).
Supported models:
Mac II
Mac IIx
Mac IIcx
Mac IIci
Mac SE/30
Supported devices on all of the above systems include:
Internal SCSI bus and most SCSI tapes, hard drives, and CD-ROMs
Internal sound--enough to beep, anyway
Most basic NuBUS video cards (there have been some
problems with some 24-bit color cards)
Both internal serial ports
ADB keyboards and mice
Some systems will boot and are usable from an external terminal
(serial tty or SL/IP):
Mac IIsi
Mac IIvx
possibly others
What isn't supported, but often asked about:
Ethernet cards. There is a driver that is very close to working
for a number of cards. Contributions are very welcome.
68040-based Macs. Work is in progress on getting a Quadra 700
running. This requires a new scsi driver and a new
ethernet driver.